• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a fire-extinguishing system which is based on an extinguishing compound that is formed by a reaction essentially originated by a base component that comprises two types of polymers, namely a first polymer that is faster and lighter, and a second polymer that is heavier and slower, and a third compound formed by an aliphatic amine, which are hydrolysed in a suitable medium at a given pH, wherein the base compound comprises a first compound A formed by an acrylic polymer that forms a salt with molecular formula [CH2-CH(COOH)]m-[CH2-CH(COONa)]n, N-Heptane and water, and a compound B formed by a second superabsorbent polymer with molecular formula (C3H3NaO2)n and water and an aliphatic amide, preferably CO(NH2)2.
    公开号:ES2783892A2
    申请号:ES202090016
    申请日:2017-10-06
    公开日:2020-09-18
    发明作者:Azorin Juan José Soriano
    申请人:Soriano Azorin Juan Jose；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0004] OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
    [0006] The present invention reveals a fire extinguishing system that is essentially based on the preparation of a base compound made up of an aliphatic amide and two absorbent polymers that react chemically in a liquid medium such as water, to obtain the resulting compound of the invention.
    [0008] BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    [0010] The fire consists of the unwanted generation of combustion, that is, a fire out of control, and for this the presence of a combustible material is necessary, which is the material capable of burning and that can be in any of the solid or liquid phases and soda; an oxidizer, which is the oxidant necessary to allow the oxidation reaction to occur, and an energy source which is generally a heat source. The propagation of a fire occurs based on what is known as a chain reaction, produced as a consequence of the heat dissipated in the environment that produces the heating of other combustible products and provides the necessary activation energy for the process to continue. As a result of the fire, products derived from combustion are generated, so that it is possible to distinguish between complete combustion when the fuel is totally combined with oxygen, generating CO 2 and water vapor without leaving other residual products, and incomplete combustion when this combination between fuel and oxygen is only partial, in which case the result of the reaction is the generation of carbon monoxide gas (CO), which is a very dangerous chemical asphyxiating for living beings since it can cause death in very Little time. Additionally, the hot fumes can also be extremely toxic to the beings that inhabit the fire environment.
    [0012] As will be understood, given the consequences that in general can be derived from the existence of a fire, it is necessary to extinguish it as quickly and efficiently as possible in order to minimize the possible consequences that may arise from said fire. Various methods are known in the state of the art for extinguishing a fire that may be more or less appropriate depending on the characteristics of a particular fire. Thus, a first method consists in the elimination or interruption of the combustible material or its flow, directly, removing the combustible material or interrupting its flow (in the case of liquid or gaseous fuels) towards the source of the fire, or indirectly, through the cooling of nearby fuel elements or the interposition of other non-combustible elements; A second method consists in the elimination of the oxidizer in the fire area, for which purpose the combustible material is covered to prevent its contact with the air, preventing the ventilation of the burned area, using inert gases, or projecting water that when it becomes steam, displaces oxygen from the air; A third method consists of cooling or eliminating the heat in the burned area, such as with the use of water that absorbs the heat of the fuel and that when evaporating also absorbs a certain amount of heat; and, a fourth method consists in the inhibition or interruption of the chain reaction by projecting a chemical product (for example, the powder from extinguishers), capable of combining with the free radicals produced by the decomposition of the fuel when burning, to prevent its reaction with oxygen.
    [0014] Obviously, when it comes to projecting a fire-inhibiting product on a burning area, it is desirable that the projected product show extinguishing characteristics that can be considered to be of optimal efficacy to achieve a rapid and conclusive extinction. In the state of the art, fire extinguishing systems by means of powders and gels are well known, as for example in patent application EP1175921 dated January 30, 2002 which discloses a system for controlling fires, which comprises nanoparticles of powder of at least two reaction compounds (A, B), which are compacted by means of pressure or arranged in layers in a controlled volume; an explosive microcenter and explosive sections; and a primer device to initiate the explosive microcenter, and the explosive sections, in which: said reaction compounds are capable of reacting with oxygen, so as to reduce the oxygen that is present in the environment; said reaction compounds are capable of reacting together by absorbing the heat of the flames; and the primer device is capable of initiating the explosion of the explosive microcenter as a result of heat generated by contact with the flames and / or as a result of a sharp variation in acceleration / impact, or, once again, as a result of a combination of these phenomena. According to the invention, the nanoparticles of the two different reaction compounds are compressed separately or mixed in a very controlled volume of just a few cubic centimeters. The heat initiates the explosion of the explosive, which pulverizes the nanoparticles of dust in the environment. The first phenomenon of flame control is due to partial extinction due to dust. The second phenomenon is due to the chemical reaction between the powders of selected compounds, whose mutual contact causes reactions that subtract heat from the flames. For example, one compound could be sodium bicarbonate, and the other, potassium bicarbonate. The third effect is the extraction of oxygen from the flames. After fogging due to the explosion, the nanoparticles expand, reacting rapidly with oxygen in the environment.
    [0016] Patent application ES2223281 discloses a fireproofing product for wood and its derivatives based on water-soluble inorganic salts and the optimization of its treatment by applying vacuum-pressure cycles in an autoclave. The fire retardant developed is a very easy to prepare water-soluble product made up of a mixture of the following inorganic compounds: ammonium sulfate, boric acid and borax, in the dry weight proportions detailed below: - Ammonium sulfate: 90-50%, Boric acid: 40-5% and Borax: 30-2% The mechanism of action of the salts is different between them, producing a synergistic effect. Ammonium sulfate is a salt widely used in the production of fertilizers, it is not flammable and decomposes at 515 ° C, it acts by releasing non-combustible gases (nitrogen) that, when mixed with combustible gases, reduce their proportion in the air, making it difficult to combustion process.
    [0018] Boric acid is a non-combustible substance that is used in the manufacture of heat resistant glass (borosilicate) and in metallurgy as a flux for welding, it is also used as a flame retardant in textile products and in the control of citrus fruit fungi; It works by melting and covering the pores of the wood, thus forming a protective layer that prevents air from entering its interior and the exit of combustible gases.
    [0020] Finally, borax is a non-combustible salt used in the manufacture of glass and in the ceramic industry, as well as a herbicide and soil sterilizer; It acts like boric acid, melting and forming an insulating layer, but it also has 10 molecules of crystallized water per formula, which delays the emission of combustible gases. On the other hand, the addition of borax allows us to increase the pH of the protective solution, thus avoiding the accelerated oxidation of metals in contact with the treated wood. Both borax and boric acid make the product have an insecticidal and fungicidal activity, in addition to the described fire retardant activity.
    [0022] The advantage of the present invention with respect to the state of the art is that the extinguishing compound in proportions that can be dosed from 1 to 10 gr / l of water, is deposited on the combustible materials, on fire or not, in such a way They incorporate a thick, flame retardant and viscous layer that adheres to surfaces, preventing the spread of fire. This compound isolates the fuel from the oxidizer, creating an aqueous barrier between the fuel and the heat. In addition, it experiences a drop in temperature, which is why it is extinguished by suffocation and cooling. The temperature drop is experienced by the action of the amide.
    [0024] The substantial improvement introduced by the application of the base components of the present invention is the speed and performance of the formation of the extinguishing compound to fight fires from the direct attack with water projections, where it is being formed at the same time of use. extinguishing mixture, the extinguishing mixture is prepared in just a few seconds.
    [0026] The present invention has been designed taking into consideration these desirable characteristics, and consequently, a first objective of the same consists in the provision of an efficient and appropriate fire extinguishing system for use in any type of fire, which comprises a compound base that reacts in a liquid medium, preferably water.
    [0028] DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    [0030] The present invention reveals the development of a fire extinguishing system for both forest and urban or industrial use, which also provides the additional advantage of serving as a fireproof protector for walls, tanks, vehicles and means of transport, as well as any type of machinery. for industrial application, it also adheres to a multitude of surfaces, whether vertical or horizontal.
    [0032] According to the invention, the fire extinguishing system is essentially based on the preparation of a base compound that, as said, chemically reacts in a liquid medium to obtain the resulting compound of the invention, which is characterized in that said base compound is essentially formed by an aliphatic amide [CO (NH 2 ) 2 ], and two absorbent polymers, mixed in the same unit.
    [0034] The medium in which the reaction occurs is a liquid medium, preferably H 2 O.
    [0036] The reaction that takes place is the hydrolysis of the compound at a pH lower than 6.2, so that to accelerate this reaction, catalysts that lower the pH can be used.
    [0038] The resulting mixture of the compound is intended to extinguish forest fire in direct and / or indirect attack. In indirect attack, a firebreak can be created by applying the resulting extinguishing mixture on the ground to be protected or neutralized to extinguish the fire. In direct or indirect attack, the compound spreads in such a way that the pressure does not break the particles during application, being indicated for land and air environments.
    [0040] Once the fire contacts the resulting mixture between the base compound and the aqueous liquid, a chemical reaction occurs that generates water vapor (the greater the combustion, the greater the evaporation), whereby the oxidizer disappears, preventing combustion, and thus managing to extinguish the fire. This water vapor barrier allows the air to become an ally for extinction and not an enemy as has happened up to now, because the water vapor is transported on other sources of fire, which due to the condensation effect ends up being suffocated. For this reason, the resulting mixture does not have to be applied homogeneously over the entire land to achieve extinction, it being sufficient that there are small dispersed doses in the area to be protected.
    [0042] It must be taken into account that thanks to the duration of the compound on the ground once applied, it prevents the reactivation of second sources.
    [0044] Still in accordance with another characteristic of the invention, the resulting mixture or the initial compound can be solidified with a thickening agent, homogenizer that allows obtaining a more solid resulting mixture, for flame retardant protection, for coatings in general.
    [0046] Another characteristic of the invention provides for adding to the compound a colorant that makes it possible to identify the impregnated area.
    [0047] According to another application of the compound of the invention, it is also useful as a domestic fire extinguisher.
    [0049] PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
    [0051] The fire extinguishing system and fire retardant protector is based on an extinguishing compound that is formed by a reaction essentially originated by a base component that comprises two types of polymers, a first polymer that is faster and lighter and a second polymer that it is heavier and takes longer and a third compound formed by an aliphatic amine which hydrolyzes in a suitable medium at a certain pH.
    [0053] Therefore, the base component comprises a compound A consisting of
    [0055] An acrylic polymer that forms a salt of the molecular formula [CH 2 -CH (COOH)] m- [CH 2 -CH (COONa)] n, N-Heptane and Water in the following proportions by weight;
    [0057] [CH 2 -CH (COOH)] m- [CH 2 -CH (COONa)] n greater than or equal to 85%
    [0059] N-Heptane less than 2.5%
    [0061] Water less than 10%
    [0063] A compound B formed by a second super absorbent polymer of molecular formula (C 3 H 3 NaO 2 ) and water in the following proportions by weight:
    [0065] (C3H3NaO2) n 90%
    [0067] Water 10%
    [0069] An aliphatic amide preferably CO (NH 2) 2
    [0071] The medium is preferably water
    [0072] The reaction that takes place is the hydrolysis of the base compound at a pH lower than 6.2, so that weak acids can be used to lower the pH which act as catalysts for the hydrolysis reaction.
    [0074] The physicochemical characteristics of the compounds are as follows:
    [0076] The polymer [CH 2 -CH (COOH)] m- [CH 2 -CH (COONa)] n has an absorption greater than 450 g / g and the polymer (C 3 H 3 NaO 2 ) n has an absorption of 63.7 g / g in the presence of a 0.9% solution of NaCl in water.
    [0078] Aliphatic amide with molecular formula CO (NH 2 ) 2 , in solid, granular state, white in color
    [0079] PH (10% sun / water): 8
    [0080] Odorless: Slightly ammonia.
    [0081] Boiling point: Decomposes.
    [0082] Odor Threshold: 17 ppm as ammonia.
    [0083] Melting point: 132.7aC (270.9aF)
    [0084] Flavor: Saline.
    [0085] Critical temperature: Not applicable
    [0086] Solubility: Easily soluble in hot water and soluble in cold water, partially soluble in methanol, diethyl ether, Insoluble in N-octanol.
    [0087] Special remarks on reactivity: It absorbs moisture from the air due to its hygroscopic nature.
    [0089] The absorbent polymers of the general formula [CH 2 -CH (COOH)] m- [CH 2 -CH (COONa)] n: y (C 3 H 3 NaO 2 ) n are characterized by the fact that the larger the unit size, particles are obtained greater hydrolyzates, so that when applied with pressure means the particle breaks, leaving the resulting extinguishing mixture unusable. Consequently, it is desirable to obtain a very fine or tiny particle so that the particle is not dispersed under pressure.
    [0091] Composition of the dissolving agent: As described throughout the present specification, the preferred dissolving agent for obtaining the extinguishing compound of the present invention is water.
    [0093] Once the mixture corresponding to the resulting extinguishing compound has been obtained, said mixture can be applied indirectly on the land to be protected, using air or land means, so that it is arranged on the ground. When the resulting extinguishing mixture touches the flames of the fire, a second chemical reaction occurs that causes the generation of water vapor, the oxidizer disappearing from the fire, thus preventing combustion, achieving with this method extinguish the fire and the fire that It cannot advance, along the line drawn with the resulting extinguishing mixture or in direct action applying the resulting extinguishing compound on the flames.
    [0095] Still in accordance with another feature of the invention, a denser mix or sealant can be made by spraying the same amount of compound for a longer time on the same surface.
    权利要求:
    Claims (4)
    [1]
    1.- System for extinguishing fires designed for the extinction and / or propagation of fires that is characterized in that it includes a base compound that comprises two types of polymers, a first polymer that is faster and lighter and a second polymer that is made of greater weight and takes longer and a third compound formed by an aliphatic amine, which are hydrolyzed in a suitable medium and a liquid medium to form an extinguishing compound where the base compound comprises:
    a compound A consisting of
    An acrylic polymer that forms a salt of molecular formula [CH2-CH (COOH)] m- [CH2-CH (COONa)] n, N-Heptane and water in the following proportions by weight;
    [CH2-CH (COOH)] m- [CH2-CH (COONa)] n greater than or equal to 85%
    N-Heptane less than 2.5%
    Water less than 10%;
    A compound B made up of a second super absorbent polymer with a molecular formula (C 3 H 3 NaO 2 ) and water in the following proportions by weight:
    (C3H3NaO2) n 90%
    Water 10%; Y
    An aliphatic amide preferably CO (NH 2 ) 2 .
    [2]
    2. System for extinguishing fires according to claim 1, characterized in that the pH must be less than 6.2 units.
    [3]
    3. - System for extinguishing fires according to claims 1 and 2 characterized in that weak acids are used to the base compound.
    [4]
    4. - Fire extinguishing system according to claim 1 characterized in that the absorbent polymers of the general formula [CH2-CH (COOH)] m- [CH2-CH (COONa)] n: and (C3H3NaO2) n are formed by very fine particles.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2783892R1|2020-10-05|
    WO2019068941A1|2019-04-11|
    ES2783892B2|2021-07-13|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    DE3515865A1|1985-05-03|1986-11-06|Hasso von 4000 Düsseldorf Blücher|USE OF AN AQUEOUS, SWELLED MACROMOLECULE-CONTAINING SYSTEM AS FIREWATER|
    US20030038272A1|2001-08-24|2003-02-27|Figiel Edmund W.|Fire retardant foam and gel compositions|
    US20070001156A1|2004-08-04|2007-01-04|Toreki William Iii|Degradable or reversible fire-blocking gel|
    JP2011505436A|2007-11-15|2011-02-24|ビーエーエスエフソシエタス・ヨーロピア|Superabsorbent foam with symbols on the surface|
    WO2012003542A1|2010-07-07|2012-01-12|Skill Pro Services Pty Ltd|Flame or explosion suppressant for combustible dust|
    US10188883B2|2012-01-09|2019-01-29|S.P.C.M. Sa|Process to stop and/or prevent the spreading of peat fires|
    CA2910183A1|2013-03-14|2014-09-25|Tyco Fire Products Lp|Use of high molecular weight acrylic polymers in fire fighting foams|
    US20160030789A1|2014-06-06|2016-02-04|GeITech Solutions, Inc.|Colorized fire extinguishing compositions|
    法律状态:
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    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    PCT/ES2017/000124|WO2019068941A1|2017-10-06|2017-10-06|Fire-extinguishing system|
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